References

  1. World Forum on Urban Trees, 2018: https://www.wfuf2018.com/
  2. Department of Health, 2009. Be active be healthy – a plan for getting the nation moving. HM Government.
  3. Department of Health, 2009. New Horizons: fl nourishing people, connected communities. HM Government.
  4. Marmot, M., et al., 2010. Fair Society Healthy Lives (The Marmot Review). Institute of Health Equity.
  5. Houses of Parliament, 2016. Green Space and Health, PostNote 538. Parliamentary Office of Science & Technology.
  6. Benwell, R., Burfield, P., Hardiman, A., McCarthy, D., Marsh, S., Middleton, J., Morling, P., Wilkinson, P., Wynde, R. 2013. A Nature and Wellbeing Act. The RSPB and The Wildlife Trusts.
  7. The Wildlife Trusts, 2018. Homes for People and Wildlife: How to build housing in a nature-friendly way.
  8. Landscape Institute, 2013. Green Infrastructure: An integrated approach to landuse. Landscape Institute Position Statement.
  9. Houses of Parliament, 2013. Urban Green Infrastructure. PostNote 448, Parliamentary Office of Science & Technology
  10. Britt, C. and Johnston, M., 2008. Trees in Towns II: A new survey of urban trees in England and their condition and management. DCLG.
  11. Coventry City Council, 2017. Area Action Plan
  12. Treeeconomics London, 2015. ‘Valuing London’s Urban Forest’.
  13. UK National Ecosystem Assessment, 2018. http://uknea.unep-wcmc.org/EcosystemAssessmentConcepts/EcosystemServices/tabid/103/Default.aspx
  14. Wolf, K.L., Krueger, S. and Rozance, M.A., 2014. Stress, Wellness & Physiology - A Literature Review. College of the Environment, University of Washington
  15. Kuo, F.E., 2001. Coping with Poverty: Impacts of Environment and Attention in the Inner City. Environment and Behaviour, 33(1): 5-34
  16. Davies, P. and Deaville, J., 2008. Natural heritage: A pathway to health. Countryside Council for Wales, Bangor
  17. Weldon, S. and Bailey, C. in collaboration with O’Brien, L., 2007. New pathways to health and wellbeing: Summary of research to undertand and overcome barriers to accessing woodland. Forestry Commission, Scotland
  18. Bell, S., Hamilton, V., Montarzino, A., Rothnie, H., Travlou, P. and Alves, S., 2008. Greenspace and quality of life: A critical literature review. Greenspace Scotland, Stirling.
  19. Coventry Tree Warden Network, 2018. http://www.ctwn.org.uk/index.html
  20. Pillemer, K., Fuller-Rowell, T.E., Reid, M.C., and Wells, N.M., 2010. Environmental Volunteering and Health Outcomes Over a 20-Year Period. The Gerontologist 50(5): 594-602.
  21. The Woodland Trust, 2018. www.woodland-trust.org.uk/ancient-treeforum and www.ancient-tree-hunt.org.uk
  22. Ancient Yew, 2018. www.ancient-yew.org
  23. Morita, E., Fukuda, S., Nagano, J. et al. 2007. Psychological Effects of Forest Environments on Healthy Adults: Shinrin-Yoku (Forest-Air Bathing, Walking) As a Possible Method of Stress Reduction. Public Health 121(1): 54-63.
  24. Hauru, K., Lehvävirta, S., Korpela, K. and Kotze, D.J., 2012. Closure of View to the Urban Matrix Has Positive Effects on Perceived Restorativeness in Urban Forests in Helsinki, Finland. Landscape and Urban Planning 107: 361-69.
  25. Fan, Y., Das, K.V. and Chen, Q., 2011. Neighbourhood Green, Social Support, Physical Activity, and Stress: Assessing the Cumulative Impact. Health & Place 17(6): 1202-1211.
  26. Paquet, C., et al., 2013. Are Accessibility and Characteristics of Public Open Spaces Associated with a Better Cardiometabolic Health? Landscape and Urban Planning 118: 70-78.
  27. Mitchell, R., Astell-Burt, T. and Richardson, E.A., 2011. A Comparison of Green Space Indicators for Epidemiological Research. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 65(10): 853-58
  28. Talbot, J.F., and Kaplan, R., 1986. Judging the Sizes of Urban Open Areas: Is Bigger Always Better? Landscape Journal 5(2): 83-92.
  29. Donovan, G.H., Michael, Y.L., Butry, D.T., Sullivan, A.D. and Chase, J.M., 2011. Urban trees and the risk of poor birth outcomes. Health & Place, 17(1): 390-393
  30. Li, D. and Sullivan, W., 2016. Impact of views to school landscapes on recovery from stress and mental fatigue. Landscape and Urban Planning 148: 149-158
  31.  Aspinall, P., Mavros, P., Coyne, R. and Roe, J., 2015. The urban brain: Analysing outdoor physical activity with mobile EEG. Br J Sports Med, 49(4): 272-276
  32. Ulrich, R.S., 1984. View through a window may influence recovery from surgery. Science, 224(4647): 420-421
  33. Detweiler, M.B., Murphy, P.F., Kim, K.Y., Myers, L.C., and Ashai, A., 2009. Scheduled medications and falls in dementia patients utilizing a wander garden. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 24(4): 322-332.
  34. Grahn, P., and Stigsdotter, U.A., 2003. Landscape Planning and Stress. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 2(1): 1-18.
  35. Natural England, 2011, Green space access, green space use, physical activity and overweight. Natural England Commissioned Report NECR067
  36. Hillsdon, M., Panter, J., Foster, C., & Jones, C., 2006. The relationship between access and quality of urban green space with population physical activity. Public Health, 120(12): 1127-1132
  37. Foster, C., et al., 2009. Objective measures of the environment and physical activity - Results of the Environment and Physical Activity Study in English Adults. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 6(1): 70-80
  38. Guite, H.F., Clark, C. and Ackrill, G., 2006. The impact of the physical and urban environment on mental well-being. Physical Health, 120(12): 117-26
  39. Vivid Economics, 2017. Natural Capital Accounts for Public Green Space in London. Report prepared for Greater London Authority, National Trust and Heritage Lottery Fund
  40. Forest Research, 2010. Benefits of Green Infrastructure Evidence Note: Social interaction, inclusion and community cohesion. Forest Research.
  41. Public Health England, 2014. Local Action on Health Inequalities: Improving Access to Green Spaces. Health equity briefing 8
  42. Kuo, F., Sullivan, W.C., Coley, R.L., and Brunson, L., 1998. Fertile Ground for Community: Inner-City Neighbourhood Common Spaces. American Journal of Community Psychology, 26(6)
  43.  Brag, R., Wood, C., and Barton, J., 2013. Ecominds effects on mental wellbeing: A evaluation for Mind. University of Essex
  44. NICE, 2014. Physical Activity: Exercise Referral Schemes. NICE Guideline PH54
  45. Lee, J., Park, B.J., Tsunetsugu, Y., Ohira, T., Kagawa, T., and Miyazaki, Y., 2011. Effects of forest bathing on physiological and psychological responses in young Japanese male subjects. Public Health, 125(2): 93-100
  46. Beil, K., and Hanes, D., 2013. The influence of urban natural and built environments on physiological and psychological measures of stress - a pilot study. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 10(4): 1250–1267
  47. Ulrich, R., et al., 1991. Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 11(3): 201-230
  48. Mind, 2007. Ecotherapy: The green agenda for mental health.
  49. Cannock Chase District Council, 2016. ‘Creating dementia friendly communities in Cannock Chase District’.
  50. Taylor, A.F., Kuo, F., Sullivan, W., 2001. Coping with ADD: The surprising connection to green play settings. Environment and Behaviour, 33(1): 54-77
  51. The Active Wellbeing Society, 2018. https://theaws.co.uk/
  52. Yerrell, P., 2008. National Evaluation of TCV’s Green Gym. School of Health and Social Care, Oxford Brookes University
  53. Royal College of Physicians. Every breath we take: the lifelong impact of air pollution. Report of a working party. London: RCP, 2016.
  54. Dayani, A., 2007. ‘Asthma care a failure in Brum, figures show.’ Birmingham Live.
  55. Netcen, 2006. Air Quality and Social Deprivation in the UK: An environmental inequalities analysis
  56. Houses of Parliament, 2014. Ambient Air Quality. PostNote 458. Parliamentary Office of Science & Technology
  57. Lovasi, G.S., Quinn, J.W., Neckerman, K.M., Perzanowski, M.S., Rundle, A., 2008. Children living in areas with more street trees have lower prevalence of asthma. J Epidemiol Community Health, 62(7): 647-649
  58. Ferranti, E.J.S., MacKenzie, A.R., Ashworth, K. and Hewitt, C.N., 2018. First Steps in Air Quality for Built Environment Practitioners. Technical Report. University of Birmingham & TDAG
  59. Hillsdon, M., et al., 2006, Public Health, 120, 1127-1132
  60. Greater London Authority, 2006. London urban heat island: A summary for decision makers. Greater London Authority, UK
  61. Forest Research, 2008. A valuation of the economic and social contribution of forestry for people in Scotland. Forest Research, Farnham.
  62. Hand, K. and Doick, K., 2018. London i-Tree Eco Project - impact summary. Forest Research
  63. Sunderland, T., 2012. Microeconomic Benefits of Investment in the Environment. Natural England
  64. Tunstall, S., Tapsell, S., Green, C., Floyd, P., and George, C., 2006. The health effects of flooding: Social research results from England and Wales. Journal of Water Health, 4(3): 365-380
  65. Houses of Parliament, 2007. Urban Flooding, PostNote 289. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology
  66. Pitt, M., 2008. Learning lessons from the 2007 floods. Cabinet Office, London
  67. Chesterton, C., 2009. Environmental impacts of land management. Natural England
  68. Willis, K.G., 2002. Benefits and Costs of Forests to Water Supply and Water Quality. Centre for Research in Environmental Appraisal and Management.
  69. Remiarz, T., 2017. An Illustrated Practical Guide for Homes, Communities and Enterprises – Forest Gardening in Practice.
  70. Nowak, D.J., Crane, D.E., Stevens, J.C., 2006. Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 4: 115-123
  71. Broadmeadow, M.S.J and Freer-Smith, P.H., 1996. Urban woodland and the benefits for local air quality. Department of Environment, HMSO, London.
  72. Tiwary, A. et al., 2009. An integrated tool to assess the role of new planting in PM10 capture and the human health benefits: a case study in London. Environ Pollut, 157(10): 2645-2653
  73. Stolt, E., 1982. The ability of vegetation in decreasing exposure to car fumes.
  74. Barnes, J., Hayes, E.T, and Longhurst, J. 2015. Has UK local government action improved local air quality? A Bristol case study. University of the West England.
  75. Stewart, H. et al, 2003. Trees and sustainable urban air quality: Using trees to improve air quality in cities. Centre of Ecology and Hydrology and Lancaster University
  76. Pugh, T.A., MacKenzie, A.R., Whyatt, J.D. and Hewitt, C.N., 2012. Effectiveness of green infrastructure for improvement of air quality in urban street canyons. Environmental science & technology, 46(14): 7692-7699.
  77.  
  78. Jeanjean, A.P., Hinchliff e, G., McMullan, W.A., Monks, P.S. and Leigh, R.J., 2015. A CFD study on the effectiveness of trees to disperse road traffic emissions at a city scale. Atmospheric Environment, 120: 1-14
  79. Tallis, M., Taylor, G., Sinnett, D. and Freer-Smith, P.H., 2011. Estimating the removal of atmospheric particulate pollution by the urban tree canopy of London, under current and future environments. Landscape and Urban Planning, 103(2): 129-138
  80. Arnfield, A. J., 2003. Two decades of urban climate research: A review of turbulence, exchanges of energy and water, and the urban heat island effect. Intl Jour of Climatology, 23(1): 1-26
  81. Bowler, D., Buyung-Ali, L., Knight, T., and Pullin, A., 2010. Urban greening to cool towns and cities: A systematic review of the empirical evidence. Landscape & Urban Planning, 97: 147-155
  82. Forest Research, 2012. Green infrastructure and the urban heat island.
  83. Doick, K.H., 2013. Air temperature regulation by urban trees and green infrastructure. Forest Research
  84. Birmingham City Council and University of Birmingham BUCCANEER project: http://www.birminghamclimate.com/
  85. Tibbatts, D., 2002. Your parks: The benefits of parks and greenspace. Urban Parks Forum
  86. CABE, 2005. Does money grow on trees? Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment.
  87. CABE, 2009. Green Space Skills 2009: National Employer Survey Findings. Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment
  88. Sustainable Development Commission, 2008. The NHS and Climate Change. Healthy Futures 7(2).
  89. The Mental Health Task Force, 2016. The Five Year Forward View for Mental Health.
  90. Environment Agency, 2007. Government strategy for flood risk management in England and Wales.
  91. CESR, 2004. Much more than trees 2: Measuring the social and economic impact of the National Forest. Staffordshire University Centre for Economic and Social Regeneration
  92. European Commission, 2013, COM/2013/0249. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and Committee Enhancing Europe’s Natural Capital
  93. Croucher, K., Myers, L., and Bretherton, J., 2007. The links between greenspace and health: A critical literature review. Greenspace Scotland Research Report.
  94. Natural Economy Northwest, 2008. The economic benefits of green infrastructure: the public and business case for investing in green infrastructure and a review of the underpinning evidence
  95. Natural England, 2013. To what extent does green infrastructure improvement act as a catalyst for economic growth? An assessment of the intentional and UK evidence.
  96. Smith, D., 2010. Working Paper 42, Valuing housing and green spaces: understanding local amenities, the built environment and house prices in London. GLA Economics.
  97. Sarajevs, V., 2011. Street Tree Valuation System. Forest Research
  98. About i-Tree Eco Uk’ -Treeconomics & Forest Research: https://www.forestresearch.gov.uk/research/i-tree-eco/.
  99. Trees for Cities, 2018. Valuing Ealing’s Urban Trees: Ealing i-Tree Eco Technical Report.
  100. Heritage Lottery Fund, 2016. State of Public Parks: Research Report. Peter Neal Consulting and Community First Partnership
  101. Drayson, K. 2014. Green Society: Policies to improve the UK’s Urban Green Space. Policy Exchange
  102. Neal, P., 2013. Rethinking Parks: Exploring new business models for parks in the 21st Century. Nesta
  103. Natural England, 2013. Greening for Growth in Victoria: Green Infrastructure Case Study. Natural England.
  104. Coventry Business Improvement District, 2018. www.coventrycitycentre.co.uk
  105. Coventry City Council, Healthy Lifestyles Coventry: www.hlscoventry.org
  106. TDAG, 2012. Trees in the Townscape: A Guide for Decision Makers
  107. Birmingham City Council, Green Living Spaces, http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/greenlivingspaces
  108. Faber Maunsell, 2008. Coventry Green Infrastructure Study. Coventry City Council.
  109. Department for Transport, 2016. Volume 1 Specification for Highway Works, Series 600: Earthworks.
  110. Roberts, J., 2006. Tree Roots in the Built Environment. Stationery Office
  111. Kennedy, C. and Southwood, T., 1984. The number of species of insects associated with British Trees: A re-analysis. British Ecological Society.
  112. Daniewski, W., Gumulka, M., Anczewski, W. and Masnyk, M., 1998. Why the Yew Tree (Taxus baccata) is not attacked by insects. Phytochemistry, 49(5): 1279-1282
  113. UK Bio-Reporting: Focusing on Biodiversity Research. http://www.ukbap-reporting.org.uk/)
  114. Fernández-Juricic, E. and Jokimäki, J., 2001. A habitat island approach to conserving birds in urban landscapes: Case studies from southern and northern Europe. Biodiversity & Conservation, 10(12): 2023-2043
  115. Fernandez-Juricic, E., 2000. Avifaunal Use of Wooded Streets in an Urban Landscape. Conservation Biology, 14(2)
  116. Helden, A.J. and Leather, S.R., 2004. Biodiversity on urban roundabouts: Hemiptera, management and the species-area relationship. Basic and Applied Ecology 5(4): 367-377
  117. 1Warwickshire Wildlife Trust, 2018. ‘Dunsmore Living Landscape’. https://www.exploredunsmore.org/about/
  118. IPCC, 2007, Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
  119. BIFOR, 2018. ‘Impact of Climate and environmental change on woodlands’: https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/research/activity/bifor/index.aspx
  120. TDAG Guides and Resources, 2018. http://www.tdag.org.uk/guides--resources.html
  121. Coventry City Council, Trees & Development Guidelines for Coventry. Supplementary Planning Document. Draft.
  122. Warwickshire Wildlife Trust, 2019. Dunsmore Living Landscapes Scheme. https://www.exploredunsmore.org/
  123. Warwickshire County Council, 2018. Heritage & CultureWarwickshire: Natural History. http://heritage.warwickshire.gov.uk/museum-service/natural-history-of-warwickshire/
  124. Ancient and other veteran trees: Further guidance on management (2013).
  125. The resilience of trees to pests and diseases’ BiFOR https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/research/activity/bifor/index.aspx
  126. Landscape Institute, 2017. LI Biosecurity News - Winter 2017.